Graph Transformations

We introduce a series of method that can append more labels to a existed grpah, and do projection over existed graph. We will also show how to make a complex property graph compatible with algorithms that can only run on simple graph. Finally, we show how to add the query result of algorithm back to graph as a property on vertex.

More specically, Graph provides two methods for append labels, and one method for projection.

def add_vertices(self, vertices, label="_", properties=[], vid_field=0):
    pass

def add_edges(self, edges, label="_", properties=[], src_label=None, dst_label=None, src_field=0, dst_field=1):
    pass

def project(self, vertices, edges):
    pass

We have already seem add_vertices and add_edges in loading graphs, we use them to build a graph iteratively.

Further, we can use them to attach more vertex labels and edge labels to a existed graph. But this won’t modify the source graph, instead, it will return a new graph, which is based on the source graph.

Attach new labels

Take LDBC-SNB Property Graph as an example，We now load a subset of labels, as the source graph.

import graphscope
from pathlib import Path
from graphscope.framework.loader import Loader

sess = graphscope.session()

graph = sess.g(directed=directed)
graph = graph.add_vertices(Loader("person_0_0.csv", delimiter="|"), "person")
graph = graph.add_edges(Loader("person_knows_person_0_0.csv", delimiter="|"),
            "knows", src_label="person", dst_label="person"
    )

# graph has 1 vertex label "person"
print(graph.schema)

Now we have an loaded graph, let’s attach some new labels to it.

graph1 = graph.add_vertices(Loader("comment_0_0.csv", delimiter="|"), "comment")

# Now graph1 has 2 vertex labels "person" and "comment"
print(graph1.schema)

graph2 = graph1.add_edges(Loader("comment_replyOf_comment_0_0.csv", delimiter="|"),
            "replyOf", src_label="comment", dst_label="comment"
    )

# graph2 has 2 edge labels "knows" and "replyOf"
print(graph2.schema)

We can see each operation of add will produce a new graph. In implementation detail, their common labels will share the common memory, so it won’t copy the source graph.

Projection

In some scenario, we need to extract a subgraph from a complex graph. We do that by project.

def project(
        self,
        vertices: Mapping[str, Union[List[str], None]],
        edges: Union[Mapping[str, Union[List[str], None]], None]
    ):
    pass

The parameter definition means it’s a dict, the key is the label name, the value is a list of str, which is the name of properties. Specifically, if the value is None, it means select all properties.

A graph that produced by project should just like a normal property graph, and can be projected further.

Here’s some examples.

sub_graph = graph2.project(vertices={"person": ["firstName", "lastName"]}, edges={"knows": None})

# contains 1 vertex label "person", and 1 edge label "knows", with selected properties.
print(sub_graph.schema)

sub_graph2 = sub_graph.project(vertices={"person": []}, edges={"knows": ["creationDate"]})

# No properties on the vertex, and 1 property on the edge.
print(sub_graph2.schema)

Transform to simple graph implicitly

When an algorithm that only works on simple graph query a property graph, the property graph will be converted to a simple graph implicitly. If such transformation cannot be performed (the vertex label num and edge label num is not one, or has more than 1 property on vertex/edge), an exception will be raised.

from graphscope import wcc

ret = wcc(sub_graph2)

# wcc(graph2)  # Error! More than 1 vertex label / edge label
# wcc(sub_graph)  # Error! More than 1 property.

Add results back to graph as a property

The result ret produced in previous step can be add to a graph as a property of vertex.

Note the result can not only be added to the graph it directly queried on, but also the graph which produced the queried graph by project, as long as the vertex label that will be mutated is the same between the two graphs.

new_graph = sub_graph2.add_column(ret, selector={'cc': 'r'})

new_graph = sub_graph.add_column(ret, selector={'cc': 'r'})

new_graph = graph.add_column(ret, selector={'cc': 'r'})